High-rise and large parking complexes are an essential part of city infrastructure. In Sydney, they support thousands of commuters and residents who need safe and convenient places to park. But while these structures are vital, they often harbour a hidden threat: dust.
While most people associate dust with construction sites or household allergens, the dust found in car parks can be just as hazardous, if not more so, due to the enclosed environment and continuous vehicle movement. Research into this issue has uncovered concerning findings that every car park manager or building owner should be aware of.
Speak to our team today about eliminating dust from your carpark.
How does dust affect your customers and your property?
If you manage or own a large parking facility, it’s critical to understand the risks that dust poses—not just to your structure, but also to human health. From concrete particles to brake dust and chemical residues, the air quality in your car park can have lasting implications.
Let’s take a closer look at some of the most dangerous types of dust found in car parks.
Silica dust: A threat built into your concrete
Silica is a naturally occurring mineral and a key component of concrete. Over time, the concrete surfaces of your car park, including floors, walls, ceilings, and pillars, can begin to shed fine dust particles, including crystalline silica, a recognised health hazard.
Cracked or degrading concrete increases this risk. As vehicles pass over worn areas, the friction releases more silica dust, which becomes airborne and inhalable.
Inhalation of silica particles can lead to silicosis, a chronic and irreversible lung disease. Long-term exposure is also linked to lung cancer, COPD, and other serious respiratory illnesses. According to Safe Work Australia, silica dust is a key occupational hazard requiring control.
To reduce risk:
- Repair or seal worn concrete promptly
- Schedule regular professional car park cleaning to remove surface dust
Brake dust: The invisible pollutant from every vehicle
Every vehicle braking in your car park releases brake dust, a mix of fine metal particles created by the friction between brake pads and rotors. In busy complexes, this dust accumulates quickly.
A study by the University of Southampton found that brake dust can be as toxic to lung tissue as diesel emissions. These particles can enter lung macrophages—the cells that protect against infection—causing inflammation and weakening the lungs’ defences over time.
In underground or poorly ventilated car parks, these airborne particles can persist and become a serious health risk for both customers and staff.
What materials are found in brake dust?
Modern brake systems often include metals such as iron, titanium, and magnesium. These metallic particles are especially irritating when inhaled. Prolonged exposure can lead to:
- Chronic inflammation
- Sore throats and chest infections
- Reduced respiratory function
Until new braking technologies emerge, brake dust will remain a constant challenge for car park operators.
Coal tar chemicals: An environmental concern
Coal tar is sometimes used as a sealant in car parks and on nearby roads or footpaths. While less common today, older parking structures may still contain coal tar-based sealants that release polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the air and dust.
A USGS study found that ground-level homes near coal-tar-sealed parking lots had PAH pollution levels up to 25 times higher than homes near untreated surfaces. PAHs are toxic to humans and wildlife and have been linked to:
- Developmental issues in children
- Cancer
- Endocrine disruption
While the use of coal tar has declined, it’s important to be aware of older surfaces that may still pose a risk.
How dust affects vehicles
Dust doesn’t just harm people, it affects vehicles too. Whether from concrete, brakes, or other sources, fine particles can:
- Clog air filters and reduce engine airflow
- Contaminate engine oil, affecting lubrication
- Cause overheating and internal damage
- Settle on tyres and braking systems, reducing performance
Over time, this dust buildup leads to more frequent repairs, increased maintenance costs, and potentially unsafe driving conditions for your customers.
The solution: Regular professional cleaning
The most effective way to manage dust in your car park is through routine professional cleaning. At Sydney Sweep and Scrub, we use high-performance sweep and scrub machines designed specifically for large, high-traffic car parks. Our service:
- Targets and removes all forms of dust (silica, brake, coal tar, and more)
- Uses sustainable, low-emission equipment
- Leaves your facility safer, cleaner, and more welcoming
Protect your people, property, and reputation
A dusty car park doesn’t just look unprofessional—it poses a serious risk to health and vehicle integrity. Customers, tenants, and staff all deserve to feel safe and protected when entering your space. Don’t wait until dust becomes a liability. Book a professional Sydney car park cleaning service today.
